For pixel-perfect, paginated reports on SQL Server, on premises: Power BI Report Server, which replaces SSRS from SQL Server 2025. In the cloud with Microsoft 365: Power BI paginated reports. For SQL-driven dashboards emailed on a schedule at no licence cost: Metabase. For SQL-heavy analysts wanting an Apache-licensed tool: Apache Superset. For operational reports on time-stamped data: Grafana. For reports generated inside a Java application: JasperReports Library. For a free hosted option on Google data: Data Studio.
"Reporting" covers three different jobs. Paginated reports are fixed-layout documents (invoices, statements, regulatory listings) that print every row across as many pages as needed. Scheduled reports deliver a query result or dashboard to people by email or chat on a timetable. Interactive reports are dashboards people filter and drill into. Few tools do all three well, so the table below states which each covers.
The biggest change in this space is Microsoft's. Starting with SQL Server 2025, Microsoft is consolidating on-premises reporting under Power BI Report Server and will release no new versions of SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS). SSRS 2022 remains supported until 11 January 2033. If you run SSRS today, see the SSRS entry below before planning new work.
Quick picks
Hosts .rdl paginated reports and Power BI reports on premises; included with SQL Server 2025 Standard and Enterprise core licences.
The same .rdl format in the Power BI service, with email subscriptions and many export formats.
Dashboard subscriptions with CSV, XLSX or PDF attachments are included in the AGPL open source edition.
LGPL-3.0 reporting engine with an active 7.0 release line.
Time-series SQL panels on PostgreSQL, MySQL and SQL Server, with alerting.
How we chose
We considered tools whose main purpose includes turning SQL queries against relational databases into reports: Microsoft's SSRS, Power BI Report Server and Power BI paginated reports; the open source BI tools Metabase, Apache Superset and Redash; Grafana; the Java reporting engines JasperReports and Eclipse BIRT; and Google's Data Studio. To be included, a tool had to let report authors write or supply SQL (or connect to SQL databases directly), be sold or released in 2025 or 2026, and have its status and licence stated on an official page. For each we recorded which report types it supports, how SQL is used, where it runs and the licence.
SAP Crystal Reports is not listed because SAP's product pages could not be read when checked, so we could not verify its current release, licensing or platform details. Full BI suites such as Tableau, Looker and Qlik Sense are covered in our BI comparisons. The order below is not a ranking: Microsoft tools come first, then open source BI tools, then reporting engines, then Data Studio.
At a glance
| Tool | Report types | SQL access | Hosting | Licence | Main trade-off |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) | Paginated, scheduled (subscriptions) | SQL dataset queries with parameters | On premises (Windows) | Included with SQL Server licences up to 2022 | No new versions after SSRS 2022; supported to 11 January 2033 |
| Power BI Report Server | Paginated, scheduled, interactive (Power BI reports) | SQL dataset queries in .rdl; Power Query in .pbix | On premises or Azure VM | Proprietary; SQL Server 2025 Standard or Enterprise cores, or Fabric F64+ reservation | Licensing tied to SQL Server cores or Fabric capacity |
| Power BI paginated reports | Paginated, scheduled, interactive (alongside Power BI reports) | SQL dataset queries in Power BI Report Builder | Power BI service (cloud) | Proprietary; Pro or PPU to publish to shared workspaces | On-premises sources need a gateway; Report Builder is Windows only |
| Metabase | Interactive, scheduled | Native SQL editor with variables and field filters | Self-hosted or Metabase Cloud | AGPL open source edition; paid plans | No pixel-perfect paginated layout |
| Apache Superset | Interactive, scheduled (alerts and reports) | SQL Lab; virtual datasets | Self-hosted; Preset (managed) | Apache 2.0 | Reports need Celery, Redis and a headless browser |
| Redash | Interactive, scheduled query refresh, alerts | Query editor is the main interface | Self-hosted | BSD-2-Clause | Parameterised queries cannot be scheduled; community maintained |
| Grafana | Interactive; scheduled PDF and CSV in Enterprise and Cloud | Per-panel SQL with time macros | Self-hosted or Grafana Cloud | AGPL-3.0-only | Built for time series, not business reports |
| JasperReports | Paginated (as a library); server features commercial | SQL queries with parameters in .jrxml templates | Embedded in your Java app; commercial JasperReports Server | LGPL-3.0 library; commercial server | Free server edition withdrawn in 2024 |
| Eclipse BIRT | Paginated (as a library and designer) | SQL data sets with parameters via JDBC | Embedded in your Java app | EPL-2.0 | Latest release 4.25.0 dates from September 2024 |
| Data Studio | Interactive, scheduled PDF email | Custom query on SQL connectors (single statement) | Google cloud only | Free; Data Studio Pro paid | No on-premises option; limited layout control for print |
SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS)
SSRS has been Microsoft's paginated reporting server since 2004, using Report Definition Language (.rdl) files. Status: Microsoft's Reporting Services consolidation FAQ states that, starting with SQL Server 2025, all on-premises reporting is consolidated under Power BI Report Server and "no new versions of SQL Server Reporting Services (SSRS) will be released". SSRS 2022 continues to receive security updates and support until 11 January 2033, and can keep its report catalogue on later Database Engine versions.
Existing .rdl reports are described by Microsoft as fully compatible with Power BI Report Server, and Microsoft publishes a migration guide. We do not recommend starting new work on SSRS; plan for Power BI Report Server on premises or Power BI paginated reports in the cloud.
- No version beyond SSRS 2022; no new features to expect.
- Paginated reports only; no interactive Power BI reports.
- Windows server deployment.
Power BI Report Server
Power BI Report Server is an on-premises report server with a web portal that hosts paginated reports (.rdl), Power BI reports (.pbix) and Excel workbooks. Microsoft describes it as a superset of SSRS: everything SSRS does plus interactive Power BI reports, data modelling and custom visuals, under the Modern Lifecycle Policy. Users can schedule report processing and subscribe to reports by email. Paginated reports are authored in Microsoft Report Builder or Report Designer in SQL Server Data Tools; Power BI reports need the version of Power BI Desktop optimised for Report Server.
Licensing is core-based. With SQL Server 2025, customers running Standard or Enterprise edition can use the same key to install Power BI Report Server, on up to as many cores as their licensed SQL Server cores (minimum four per operating system environment). For SQL Server 2022 and earlier, the right applies only to Enterprise edition cores with active Software Assurance. It is also available through Fabric F64 or larger reserved instances. A Power BI Pro licence is required to publish Power BI reports, but not to view reports on the server. Free Developer and Evaluation editions are available for trials.
- Included only with SQL Server 2025 Standard and Enterprise (or Fabric F64+), and for earlier versions only with Enterprise plus Software Assurance.
- Power BI reports need the specific Report Server build of Power BI Desktop (Windows only).
- You run, patch and back up the server and its catalogue database yourself.
Power BI paginated reports
Paginated reports in the Power BI service use the same .rdl format, designed in the free Power BI Report Builder. Microsoft states that reports created for SSRS 2016 and later, or for Power BI Report Server, are compatible with the service, although not every feature is supported. Reports can export to Excel, Word, PowerPoint, PDF and accessible PDF, CSV, XML and MHTML, and email subscriptions (hourly, daily or weekly) attach the full report as a PDF. Dynamic per-recipient subscriptions take the place of SSRS data-driven subscriptions.
Data sources include Azure SQL Database, Azure Synapse Analytics, Oracle, Teradata, Power BI semantic models and SQL Server through an on-premises data gateway. Licence requirements match Power BI reports: a Free licence publishes to My Workspace only, while Pro or PPU is needed to publish to other workspaces.
- SSRS-style shared data sources and shared datasets (.rds, .rsd) are not supported.
- On-premises databases need an on-premises data gateway.
- Memory limits for processing and export vary by licence type.
Metabase
Metabase's open source edition is released under the AGPL; paid plans (Starter, Pro, Enterprise) are under a commercial licence. Analysts write SQL in the native query editor, with {{variables}}, optional [[ ... ]] clauses and field filters that become dashboard filter widgets. Business users can build questions without SQL.
For reporting, dashboard subscriptions send a dashboard by email or Slack hourly, daily, weekly or monthly, optionally with CSV, XLSX or PDF attachments, even to people without a Metabase account. Alerts notify by email, Slack or webhook when a question returns results or crosses a goal line, on schedules down to every minute or a cron expression. Customising filter values per subscription and restricting recipient domains are Pro and Enterprise features. See Metabase vs Grafana.
- No banded, pixel-perfect page layout; the PDF follows the dashboard layout.
- Per-subscription filter values need Pro or Enterprise.
- The native editor runs single read statements only.
Apache Superset
Apache Superset is an Apache Software Foundation project under the Apache License 2.0. Analysts write SQL in SQL Lab and save it as virtual datasets for charts and dashboards. Its alerts and reports feature, enabled with the ALERT_REPORTS feature flag, sends scheduled reports of dashboards or charts as PNG or PDF screenshots, or chart data as CSV or XLSX, by email, Slack or webhook. Alerts fire when a SQL condition is met.
The feature needs more infrastructure than the rest of Superset: a Celery beat scheduler and workers, Redis, a PostgreSQL metadata database rather than SQLite, and a headless Chromium browser through Playwright to take screenshots.
- Scheduled reports need Celery, Redis and a headless browser to be configured.
- No paginated, print-layout report designer.
- Database drivers must be installed separately.
Redash
Redash (BSD-2-Clause) centres on the query editor: write SQL, visualise the result, add it to a dashboard. Queries can be refreshed on a schedule, and alerts check a value in a query result and notify destinations such as email, Slack and webhooks. Redash's documentation notes that "scheduling queries that use parameters is not currently supported"; it suggests the API with an external scheduler instead.
The hosted service closed on 30 November 2021 after Databricks acquired Redash. The open source project continues under community maintainers, with releases v26.3.0 (March 2026) and v26.9.0 (September 2026), the latter fixing 13 security advisories. See the best open source BI tools for more.
- Parameterised queries cannot be scheduled in the UI.
- Community maintained with an infrequent release cadence; no vendor support.
- No PDF or paginated report output.
Grafana
Grafana (AGPL-3.0-only) has built-in PostgreSQL, MySQL and Microsoft SQL Server data sources. Each panel holds a SQL query with macros such as $__timeFilter(column) that insert the dashboard's time range, and Grafana Alerting routes threshold alerts to email, Slack, Teams, PagerDuty and many other contact points.
Scheduled reporting (PDF of a dashboard, CSV of table data, embedded images, sent once or hourly to monthly) is documented for Grafana Enterprise and Grafana Cloud, and the redesigned reporting feature was in public preview when checked. See Grafana vs Power BI and Metabase vs Grafana.
- Scheduled PDF and CSV reports are not in the open source edition.
- Designed around time series; weak for business reports and ad hoc analysis (editorial).
- Grafana does not validate SQL safety, so the data source user must be read-only.
JasperReports Library
JasperReports Library is a Java reporting engine under LGPL-3.0. Reports are designed as .jrxml templates (usually in Jaspersoft Studio), with SQL queries and parameters, then filled and exported from your Java code. Jaspersoft states that version 7.0 adds Jakarta compatibility; the latest release on GitHub when checked was 7.0.8 (5 August 2026). In 7.0.8 the newest PDF tagging code for accessible PDF/UA and archival PDF/A output moved to the commercial JasperReports Library Professional extensions.
Status note: since 25 January 2024, Jaspersoft no longer offers JasperReports Server Community Edition as a free download. The free community edition is now JasperReports Library plus Jaspersoft Studio; a hosted report server with scheduling and a web portal is a commercial product with a 30-day trial.
- A library, not a server: scheduling, security and delivery are yours to build unless you buy JasperReports Server.
- Requires Java developers to embed, secure and operate it.
- Accessible PDF/UA and PDF/A tagging now needs the professional extensions.
Eclipse BIRT
BIRT (Business Intelligence and Reporting Tools) is an Eclipse Foundation project under the Eclipse Public License 2.0. It provides an Eclipse-based designer and a runtime engine for paginated reports built on JDBC data sets with parameters, and its repository lists Tomcat 10 as a supported runtime.
Status note: the latest release on GitHub when checked was 4.25.0 (9 September 2024), which focused on PDF/UA compliance; 4.26.0 was available only as nightly snapshots. The project is maintained, but with no stable release for over two years we would hesitate to choose it for new work over JasperReports or a server-based tool.
- No stable release since September 2024 when checked.
- A library and designer only; no hosted scheduling or portal.
- Requires Java developers to embed and operate it.
Data Studio
Data Studio is the new name, since April 2026, of Looker Studio (formerly Google Data Studio). Its SQL connectors include BigQuery, Cloud SQL for MySQL, MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft SQL Server and Amazon Redshift, and the PostgreSQL connector accepts a custom query, which Data Studio uses as an inner select for each query it generates; custom queries may have only a single statement.
Reports can be emailed on a schedule as a PDF attachment with a preview of the first page and a link. Standard users can schedule up to once a day, Data Studio Pro users up to hourly; each schedule allows up to 50 recipients, with daily and monthly email limits that Pro removes. See Looker vs Looker Studio.
- Cloud only; databases must be reachable from Google's service.
- Free scheduling is limited to once a day with email quotas.
- Not designed for multi-page, print-layout documents (editorial).
How to choose
Start with the output. If people need documents (invoices, statements, regulatory listings) that print every row with exact layout, you need a paginated engine: Power BI Report Server on premises, Power BI paginated reports in the cloud, or JasperReports inside your own Java application. If they need a dashboard or query result in their inbox each morning, Metabase, Superset, Data Studio or Power BI subscriptions are simpler. If the data is operational and changes by the minute, Grafana.
Whichever tool you choose, the report is only as good as its SQL. Keep report queries parameterised (never concatenate user input), filter on indexed columns with half-open date ranges, and run them as a read-only user. A typical dataset query for a paginated report on SQL Server, where @StartDate, @EndDate and @Region become report parameters in SSRS, Power BI Report Server or Power BI paginated reports:
-- T-SQL dataset query for a paginated report (SQL Server)
SELECT o.OrderID,
o.OrderDate,
c.CustomerName,
c.Region,
o.TotalDue
FROM Sales.Orders AS o
JOIN Sales.Customers AS c
ON c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID
WHERE o.OrderDate >= @StartDate
AND o.OrderDate < DATEADD(day, 1, @EndDate)
AND (@Region = N'All' OR c.Region = @Region)
ORDER BY c.Region, o.OrderDate;The same report in Metabase would use {{start_date}}-style variables or a field filter, and in Grafana $__timeFilter(o.OrderDate) would take the dashboard's time range instead. For more on writing fast report queries, see SQL indexes and performance tuning.
Frequently asked questions
Is SSRS discontinued?
No new versions will be released. Microsoft states that, starting with SQL Server 2025, on-premises reporting is consolidated under Power BI Report Server, which is available to SQL Server 2025 Standard and Enterprise customers. SSRS 2022 remains supported until 11 January 2033.
What replaces SSRS?
Power BI Report Server on premises, which Microsoft describes as a superset of SSRS and fully compatible with existing .rdl reports, or Power BI paginated reports in the Power BI service. Microsoft publishes migration guides for both.
What is a paginated report?
A fixed-layout report designed for printing or PDF, in which tables continue across as many pages as needed so every row is included. Invoices, statements and operational listings are typical examples. In Microsoft's tools they are .rdl files.
Is there a free open source alternative to SSRS?
For paginated reports, the JasperReports Library (LGPL-3.0) and Eclipse BIRT (EPL-2.0) are free engines, but both are libraries you embed in a Java application; JasperReports Server Community Edition is no longer offered. For scheduled dashboards rather than paginated documents, Metabase, Apache Superset and Redash are free to self-host.
Is JasperReports still free?
The JasperReports Library and Jaspersoft Studio remain free in the community edition, and the library is LGPL-3.0. JasperReports Server Community Edition was withdrawn as a free download on 25 January 2024, and some newer PDF accessibility features are in the commercial professional extensions.
Sources
- Reporting Services consolidation FAQ (Microsoft Learn)
- What is Power BI Report Server (Microsoft Learn)
- Paginated reports in Power BI (Microsoft Learn)
- Metabase: dashboard subscriptions
- Metabase: alerts
- Metabase on GitHub (licences)
- Apache Superset: alerts and reports
- Redash: scheduling a query
- Redash releases
- Grafana reporting
- Grafana data sources
- JasperReports Library releases (GitHub)
- Jaspersoft community edition changes FAQ
- Eclipse BIRT releases (GitHub)
- Data Studio: schedule report delivery
- Data Studio: connect to PostgreSQL
Checked October 2026.
How we research these guides: our editorial method.